Ogoni: Harassment and Intimidation of Activists in Nigeria.
Rivers State Police Headquarters
Port Harcourt
Rivers State
Nigeria
August 10, 2004
Dear Commissioner of Police,
I write to express concern about an incident which occurred on July 10, 2004,
in K-Dere, Ogoniland, Rivers State, when two British activists, Tim Concannon
and Tim Nunn, were taken into custody, questioned and held for more than ten
hours, first by the police, then by the State Security Services (SSS). The
details of the case, based on the activists’ own account of events,
are described below. Our concern relates not only to this particular incident,
which happens to involve two British nationals, but to a broader pattern of
harassment and intimidation of Nigerian activists by the security forces,
particularly by the police and the SSS, as documented in the enclosed Human
Rights Watch report “Renewed Crackdown on Freedom of Expression,”
published in December 2003.
Tim Concannon, director of the non-governmental organization Stakeholder Democracy
Network, and Tim Nunn, an artist and photographer, were visiting Nigeria to
document the living conditions of communities in the oil-producing areas of
the Niger delta and to work on an artistic project of portraits from regions
where people live in the proximity of oil extraction.
On the morning of July 10, when they were in K-Dere, Ogoniland, they were
called to a council meeting of local traditional chiefs, which was violently
disrupted by a group of young men. Tim Concannon and Tim Nunn were not involved
in the scuffle and left the meeting. A short while later, they were told that
they had to go to a meeting at the paramount leader’s palace. Soon after
they got there, four policemen arrived and told the two men that they had
to accompany them to the police station. Tim Concannon and Tim Nunn were made
to enter the police vehicle and were taken to Kpor police station, at around
11.45 a.m.
The police chief superintendent at Kpor assured them that they were “not
under arrest” but did not explain why they had been taken there. They
were not questioned and were kept in the police station for about forty-five
minutes. The chief superintendent then told them that they would be transferred
to the police headquarters at Bori and personally accompanied them there.
At Bori police headquarters, they spent about one hour with the Area Commander.
Again, they were not questioned or accused of any criminal offence, nor did
the police explain to them why they were there. The Area Commander then informed
them that they would be transferred to the headquarters of the SSS at Port
Harcourt. The chief superintendent from Bori accompanied them to the SSS.
At the SSS, their passports were confiscated and they were questioned about
their activities since they had arrived in Nigeria, the arrangements for their
visit, their links to Ledum Mitee, president of the Movement for the Survival
of the Ogoni People (MOSOP) who had been hosting them, and their plans following
the morning’s incident in which the meeting had been disrupted. One
of the SSS officers asked them why they had come into the area to embarrass
the Nigerian government. The two men were asked to give statements about the
circumstances leading to their arrest. They were then released, some time
between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m., on the understanding that they, along with Ledum
Mitee, would return the following day for an interview with the director of
the SSS and that they would bring all their equipment. The SSS officers retained
their passports.
The following day, they returned to the SSS office. The SSS director told
Tim Concannon and Tim Nunn that they had put their own lives in danger by
visiting Ogoniland. He questioned their motives for the visit, claiming that
he knew they were human rights activists. After about one hour, the SSS released
them and returned their passports to them. However, they seized the film from
their cameras and the disk from their minidisk recorder.
The two men were not physically ill-treated during their period in police
and SSS custody. However, at no point were they given any explanation for
why they were taken into custody or questioned, nor did they receive any apology
for the harassment. Their camera film and minidisk were not returned to them.
This incident is illustrative of a broader pattern of harassment and intimidation
of activists in Nigeria. The enclosed Human Rights Watch report, “Renewed
Crackdown on Freedom of Expression,” documents how Nigerian activists,
journalists and real or perceived critics of the government have repeatedly
been victims of intimidation, harassment and violence at the hands of the
government and security forces. Several such incidents have taken place in
Rivers State; members of MOSOP, in particular, have frequently been targeted
for voicing their criticisms of the government. The latest incident involving
Tim Concannon and Tim Nunn is just one of several cases of harassment reported
to us since the publication of the enclosed report.
We urge you to launch an investigation into this incident and to provide an
explanation to Tim Concannon and Tim Nunn as to why they were taken into custody
and why their passports and recording equipment were confiscated. Peaceful
activists should be free to carry out their work without harassment, intimidation
or threats of arrest. Should the police or the SSS have had a specific reason
for questioning these or other activists, they should have informed the individuals
concerned as soon as they took them into custody and explained to them the
legal basis and circumstances under which they were being questioned.
I would be grateful for your reassurance that other activists and members
of civil society in Rivers State are allowed to conduct their work freely
and without fear for their safety, and that the Rivers state police force
is given clear instructions to put an end to all such intimidation of harassment.
Yours sincerely,
Peter Takirambudde
Executive Director, Africa Division
cc: Inspector General of Police, Abuja
Source: Human Rights Watch